Composition of CNC machine tools

In terms of composition, CNC machine tools are mainly divided into three parts: machine tool body, transmission system, and CNC system.

Machine tool body

The main body of the machine tool is not only the main component of the machine tool but also the hardware of the machine tool. It is also an important mechanical accessory of the machine tool. It is also the most easily visible part by the naked eye, including the casting of the bed and base, the spindle and gearbox, the guide rail and slide, lubrication, chip removal, and cooling.

Drive system

The transmission system is an important "vein" of CNC machine tools, which leads the orderly progress of all parts of the machine tools and completes the work mission of the machine tools. It includes cutting tools, transmission machinery, and an auxiliary power system. (1) As for the tool part, it includes a protection device, a tool magazine, and a tool change device; (2) As the second-largest component of the transmission system, the transmission machinery includes three parts: ball screw, linear guide rail and worm pair; (3) Auxiliary power system consists of hydraulic system and the starting system, which are the power of CNC machine tools.

Numerical control system

The CNC system is the soul of the CNC machine tool, the most perceptual part of the whole machine tool, and the essence of the functions and operations of the machine tool. CNC systems are divided into two categories:

(1) The driving device comprises a high-speed spindle, a torque motor, a linear motor, a common motor, and a stepping motor; (2) Control and detection device, including a CNC system, programmable controller, feed servo control module, position detection module, etc.

CNC machine tool technology chain

The technology chain of CNC machine tools consists of six parts. Generally speaking, it includes CNC system real-time core technology, direct-drive motor processing control technology, servo motor processing control technology, linear sensing resolution technology, angle sensing resolution technology, and CNC system Fieldbus technology.

CNC machine tool product chain

The CNC machine tool product chain is longer than other links. Generally speaking, it includes a machining center, metal cutting, special processing, forming processing, and other parts.

Machining center: multi-axis linkage and flexible machining unit;

Metal cutting: CNC lathe, CNC milling machine, CNC boring machine, CNC drilling machine, CNC grinder, CNC punch;

Special processing: WEDM, EDM forming machine, flame cutting machine, laser processing machine, high-pressure water cutting machine, CNC automatic welding equipment;

Forming machine tools: CNC press, CNC plate shears, CNC bending machines, CNC pipe benders, multi coordinate measuring machines;

Others: automatic plotter, industrial robot, and special numerical control system.

The downstream industry chain of CNC machine tools

The downstream industrial chain of CNC machine tools reflects the full role of CNC machine tools as "mother machines", and is widely used in various industries of the manufacturing industry. Generally speaking, it includes the following aspects:

National Defense Industry: aerospace, nuclear industry, ship industry, weapon manufacturing;

Petrochemical Industry: petroleum, petrochemical, chemical industry, etc;

Shipbuilding Industry: shipbuilding, repairing, and ship-related;

Machinery industry: machinery manufacturing, etc;

Automobile industry: body processing, cylinder processing, transmission, clutch, shaft parts, etc;

Other industrial manufacturing-related fields.

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